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The strategic issue faced by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing, Republic of Indonesia (PUPR) is the large housing backlog, especially in the urban areas. Low-income communities earning less than 2 USD/day are found as the most vulnerable to lack of access to affordable housing. This experiment aims to find an alternative solution on building construction material in accordance with the Ministry of Public Housing regulation No. 11 of 2011 about affordable housing guidelines. The experiment was carried out on an LSF to compare four different wall cladding materials. The building area was 36 m2 and the total wall cladding area was 95 m2. The wall cladding materials used were metal sheet, lightweight concrete brick, gypsum reinforced cement (GRC) board, and unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (uPVC) fiber. The experiment collected data on purchases of materials to develop the S-curve and measure construction progress. Then, the work unit price analysis (WUPA) approach was carried out to simulate the labor coefficient of construction speed and its comparison to the material costs of the four wall cladding materials. The experiment on this 36 m2 house found that metal sheet is the most efficient material, which took 22.7 h to cover a 95 m2 wall. Later, it was followed by uPVC fiber with 46.6 h, GRC board with 59.7 h, and finally lightweight con-bricks with 85.7 h. Apparently, the metal sheet not only presented the most efficient construction time, but also provided the lowest construction cost with 115.960 IDR/m2 (8.24 USD/m2). It was followed by uPVC fiber at 133.37 IDR/m2 (9.48 USD/m2); GRC board at 146.91 IDR/m2 (10.44 USD/m2) and finally lightweight con-bricks at 156.88 IDR/m2 (11.15 USD/m2). Through WUPA, this study also found that efficient workmanship (construction speed) of the labor greatly affects construction costs.
Optimisation of shading devices in buildings is a broadly investigated topic; however, most studies only focus on a single façade orientation, since the observed buildings are typically located in high latitude regions. However, in tropical regions, optimisation of all façade orientations is required due to the relatively high solar radiation and long sunshine duration. While adaptive shading devices are a promising solution, they are not without disadvantages, and as such a combination of adaptive shading devices and a fixed shading device shall be considered. This research therefore aims to design the optimum internal shading devices on four façade orientations of a high-rise office building in a tropical city, considering fixed and adaptive shading design options, and to determine the impact on annual daylight performance using computational modelling and simulation. The simulation is carried out under: (1) fixed design option, focusing on the numbers and width of slats; and (2) adaptive design option, focusing on the slat angle on various conditions. It is found that both sDA300/50% and ASE1000,250 are only influenced by the orientation. Under the fixed design option, the sDA300/50% and ASE1000,250 targets can be achieved only on the north and south façades, and accordingly the adaptive design option shall be implemented on the east and west façades. Overall, this study contributes to knowledge regarding the optimisation of shading devices in high-rise buildings in the tropics, considering the daylight admission from the four cardinal orientations.
This paper aims to find the microclimate aspect within the building form and configuration of five low-cost apartments (henceforth rusun) in Bandung, Indonesia. There are parallel, square, and interspersed plots investigated with specific discussion on the microclimate aspects that gain human perception of outdoor thermal comfort. The microclimate prognostic model, i.e., ENVI-met, was used to determine the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), which was then used to describe the living quality of outdoor thermal comfort, i.e., PET (physiologically equivalent temperature) in a hot-humid climate context. A parallel plot with building orientation toward north-south was found as the most beneficial building form and configuration. Somehow, the parallel plot toward the west-east orientation did not provide similar performance. Nevertheless, the square plot provided uncomfortable perception as there was an absence of building shade within the wide open space and ground cover to absorb the insolation. The interspersed plot can be considered for the building configuration because it generates more wind among other plots. The building form and configuration of rusun with passive design seems to not be able to achieve outdoor thermal comfort. The highest PET value of Model D with the square plot had PET = 41 °C (hot) while the lowest PET in Model A with the parallel plot (N-S) had PET = 34.2 °C (slightly warm).
Bandung, the capital of West Java province, Indonesia has experienced rapid urbanization, which has affected the urban environment, including its building density, land use, and the quality of urban living. This specific urban morphology has had a significant effect on the urban microclimate. This study was aimed at describing the urban microclimate of three different overcrowded settlements, i.e., Linggawastu (overcrowded settlement), Gerlong Girang (moderately crowded), and Pasir Impun (least crowded). The discussion will detail aspects of the masses and buildings, the distance between buildings, the height of buildings, and the availability of green open spaces to give the perspective of urban morphology toward the microclimate. Fixed weather logger in those three locations were collected over one month, meanwhile the mobile measurements to find the micro-meteorological values of air temperature (Ta), globe temperature (Tg), humidity (RH), and wind speed (v) to define the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt). The measurements provided evidence of the trend of heat trapped in densely populated settlements shown in the diurnal temperature range from Tamax and Tamin (∆Ta) as only 3.2 °C. Meanwhile in Pasirimpun, which is least populated, ∆Ta = 9.5 °C. Linggawastu with building coverage ratio (BCR) > 96% gave the contribution of low Tg=28.3 °C, as there is less insolation penetration to the area. Thus, the PET for two densely populated areas, Linggawastu and Gerlong Girang, tends to be neutral to slightly cool. Nevertheless, this study points out the high humidity in the morning and afternoon, as well as the low air velocity, is a strong affecting factor.
This paper presents parametric and multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach in optimizing daylight and energy consumption by incorporating louvres shading devices depicting three different sky conditions: Birmingham, UK, Jakarta, Indonesia, and Sydney, Australia. The study aims to observe the best louvre design configuration for each given context. The proposed optimization system iterates the logic of the louvre shading device as the dynamic design parameters such as overhang, blade size, spacing, and blade rotation, together with the room orientation to achieve maximum useful daylight illuminance (UDI) and the shading aperture while simultaneously reduces energy consumption. A total of 8509 simulations for three cities have been run and distributed for the purpose of this research. The results of MOO stated an improvement in UDI for Birmingham, Jakarta, and Sydney of 80%, 146.26%, and 79.48%, and cooling energy consumption of 28%, 3.26%, and 2.99% respectively.
To ensure high-quality lighting in indoor spaces, many objective parameters have been suggested in building codes and standards all over the world. Despite the emergence of luminance-based metrics, the average horizontal illuminance (Eav) remains popular in practice. For the case of relatively small rooms with one or two point light sources, it is often intended to determine the point with horizontal illuminance equal to Eav. It is also intended to have the computation for various room scenarios, so that the outcome can be predicted using a simple model. This study, therefore, aims to propose a method to identify the location of point of Eav on horizontal plane in cuboid rooms with various sizes, with one or two point light sources, and to further verify the theoretical concept. To achieve the objective, scenarios and assumptions are described using mathematical tools, followed with verification using grid computations and Monte Carlo simulation of 10,000 random scenarios. Logarithmic models to predict Eav value and its representative location are proposed. The room length-to-width ratio is found more influential, compared to the source luminous intensity characteristics, in affecting the location of point of Eav.
Commercial buildings are buildings that spend a lot of energy. This is reinforced by the data that the city that has an expenditure center in Indonesia. To allow energy use can be solved by passive design in architecture. In this study, energy calculations will be carried out using the Autodesk Revit application where previously there was no discussion about energy use at the center using Autodesk Green Building Studio (GBS) analysis by comparing one building with the use of materials differently. The method used in this study is creating three scenarios. Where the scenario B-01 is using a lot of glass but given a double facade in the north, east and south, B-02 is little use of glass and no double skin façade, the B-03 many openings without façade double skin. Each scenario is simulated and results. From the results of Autodesk GBS discussion in the EUI category, Life Cycle Energy Use, Carbon Emissions, and also the Use of Electricity. From the comparison of some of the most optimal scenario categories in energy is scenario B-01. In the simulated Shopping Center building in Autodesk GBS, buildings with more use of glass and openings will be more efficient in energy use.
Abstract There are many ways to develop building group performance that considering environment. Solar Envelope is just one way. This study tries to develop a building mass with solar envelope model to find the relationship of latitude, period of time in a year, size site, proportions, orientation and form of the condition of site banks in dense area of Bandung City, Indonesia. The maximum buildable volume of the building defined by Solar Envelope to ensure that there is not shading in adjacent site, thereby assuring the availability of solar energy to those sites. After the building mass was developed, the ENVI-Met simulation is used to calculate the microclimate between the building mass in the site, which affect thermal comfort that have to be considered in the outside of building. ENVI-met calculate microclimate from building mass, particularly shape, size and orientation to know the thermal comfort, wind speed and radiation between the buildings. The study concluded solar envelope is possible to be used as a guideline of building form and mass to get optimum solar energy in the site, but it has to be considered to developed building mass in tropical regions such as Bandung, Indonesia, which daylight almost available in a year, Thermal Comfort between building masses is still difficult to achieve. Solar Envelope can be used effectively to access the sun for open space among the buildings but it is difficult to be used to achieve thermal comfort.
Large numbers of inhabitants in a dense area require land coverage for sheltering purposes. The anthropogenic heat emission potentially reduces ventilation of urban areas and significantly brings changes in air temperature. This study is aimed at finding the correlations between urban form and the alteration of urban microclimate in different land-uses. This study has been carried out in Bandung, Indonesia, in its educational, high dense settlement and industrial areas, covering around 37 ha each. The measurement of air Temperature (Ta), globe Temperature (Tg) and wind speed (Va) describes mean radiant Temperature (Tmrt), which gives direct impact on the quality of outdoor spaces in urbanized areas. 3D modeling based on a Sketch-up and introducing Chronolux, as a simple model has given a description of the Sky View Factor (SVF) in urban form. Urban form that is presented by building coverage is giving significant impact to Tmrt as shown in high-dense settlement with R = 0.82. Tmrt and SVF at all study areas show positive correlations, eventhough not insignificant values where at educational area R = 0.029; meanwhile at highdense settlement R = 0.2 and finally at industrial area R = 0.28.
The concept of a compact city has been introduced since 1973. It is a utopian vision largely driven by a desire to see more efficient uses of resources. In 1980s, the reconfiguration of the physical urban form of metropolitan areas was increasingly debated by both theorists and practitioners. Recently, the concept of a compact city has been more focused on developed countries in which the population tends to decrease. However, in Asia, except Japan which contains many dense cities, it has become a concept which promotes relatively high residential density with mixed land uses, though rather only in population and density. This paper addresses the land-use of Bandung that having the density over 14,000 people/km2, which has been so much potential toward a compact city. Somehow, unprepared ness of urban planning and regulation, the city seemed overwrought to serve its inhabitants. This condition is shown from the demographic condition, especially population density in Bandung based on its sub areas of the city (SWK). The stack of public facilities in a certain district has led the concentration of density and activity, which finally raising the slum and overcrowded settlement. Finally, this paper explores the implications of land use management and describes challenges faced and possible approaches, especially in land-use management strategies to be implemented in Bandung.
This study investigates street network connectivity in an informal settlement, Kampong Taman Sari, Bandung. It generally refers to the informal residential area with minimum facilities and urban services. The majority of these settlements depict irregular patterns and narrow paths or alleys. Thus, kampong inhabitants mainly rely on walking, biking, and riding motorcycles to access vital urban features and functions. This purpose study is to examine the potential connectivity not only for accessibility but also for evacuation movement in an informal settlement. This investigation also aims to understand an associative relation between street-network configuration and informal settlement patterns with the probability distribution of pedestrian movement. This study utilizes computational street network analysis through the space syntax method that consists of two distinctive evaluations, such as axial analysis and visual graph analysis. The following result depicts the spatial accessibility, integration, permeability, walkability, and connectivity based on this relation. Experimenting in modelling a walkable kampong in the urban environment will conduce to urban design qualities of the street environment and street network layout for pedestrians or users.
The urban layout, from the form and placement of the building complex, configures open space and creates a distinct microclimate. This paper, then, tried to compare two building groups which have different building layouts (size, shape and orientation) in the same neighborhood to seek site microclimate. The numerical model of ENVI-met was used with specific temperature, humidity and wind speed; that would simulate the microclimatic change within urban environment. This model was practiced on the hottest day in summer at 7th August in Kitakyushu (33°50’N; 130°50’E), a region characterized by warm and humid temperatures in hot summers and no dry season. A description of microclimate with different orientation would be the emphasis and it was placed during the daylight into the building. The results showed a pattern of mean radiant temperature (MRT) correlated with building layout and its configuration created open space. A comparison of building group revealed that time and period during the day when extreme heat stress occurred provide a better building configuration.
Urban villages (kampongs) in developing countries have become urban morphological phenomena and their organic growth does not have adequate land use planning. This paper aims to discuss aspects of microclimate in urban environments. We explored the morphological aspects of urban villages which have implications for the formation of microclimates and have an effect on changes in urban climate. Nine village locations in Bandung were taken as research samples, namely: Sukajadi, Tamansari, Sukapada, Cigondewah Kidul, Cigondewah Rahayu, Cicendo, Babakan Ciamis, and Cihaurgeulis. The results of detailed and specific discussions in the aspects of mass and shape of buildings, the distance between buildings, the height of buildings, and the availability of green open spaces found a significant influence on the physical aspects of morphology in microclimates, mainly through weather parameters such as average radiation temperature, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed.
Abstract South Jakarta is the center of business in Indonesia. As a business center, energy consumption in office buildings in South Jakarta is very high. An office building can consume energy up to 250 kWh/m 2 /yr. Energy consumption can be analyzed using building performance applications such as Sefaira. Sefaira is used as a method to simulate building energy that allows energy to be efficiently utilized. An energy analysis study was conducted to determine energy efficiency in an office building. The standards and guidelines of energy efficiency are based on ASHRAE 90.1 – 2013 on Sefaira. Efficiency energy is needed to achieve the Sefaira 2030 energy target of 90 kWh/m 2 /yr. In the previous analysis, the building consumed energy of 186 kWh/m 2 /yr. Architectural treatment on the building facades is needed, such as providing canopies, double-skin facades, and materials to reduce energy consumption by 96 kWh/m 2 /yr.
Abstract Wall material popularly used in Indonesia is a masonry wall, where the process takes longer than prefabrication wall materials or houses built-in components such as panels or modules. In this study, four types of prefabrication wall materials will be analyzed based on the annual energy use of each material. The wall materials chosen are Hebel, Alderon, Glassfibre Reinforced Cement Board (GRC), and metal deck. The calculation of energy consumption uses a simulation of a 27 m2 one-floor residential building located in Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. Furthermore, the simulation is analyzed with Sefaira software based on ASHRAE 90.1 - 2013. From the results of this Sefaira analysis, it is obtained that the Energy Use Intensity (EUI) value for Hebel wall material is 58 kWh/m 2 /yr, Alderon wall 90 kWh/m 2 /yr, Glassfiber Reinforced Cement Board (GRC) 83 kWh/m 2 /yr, and metal deck 89 kWh/m 2 /yr. Among the four recommended prefabricated wall materials, Hebel materials are considered to have the least energy use. Meanwhile, the EUI target of the 2030 Challenge for residential houses is 38 kWh/m 2 /yr, so it must reduce as much as 45 kWh/m 2 /yr for Hebel material.
Abstract As the fourth largest population in the world with 52% urban inhabitant, housing as the most primer need, Indonesia has a significant impact on urban energy consumption. The backlog of housing in the urban area is known as much as 8%. The government tries to fulfill those needs by supplying an affordable house that requires not more than 36m2 and less than IDR 121 million The need for affordable housing occupies the largest ratio in urban areas. This is related to the middle-class family’s income structure that 21% of the total population of Indonesia. The complexity in modular affordable house design that derives from the building material, construction cost, as well as the energy consumption, later becomes the urgency of this study. This paper aims to compare simulating several modular houses with 36m2 total ground floor area, namely: 6m x 6m, 4m x 9m, and 3m x 12m module houses using metal wall cladding and Glassfibre Reinforced Cement (GRC). From these comparisons will be found modular house designs and material that have optimal energy efficiency. This paper presents modular house design. The modular house design will recommend which modules and materials will best optimize the building’s performance, thus optimizing energy efficiency based on the simulation results. Based on each material’s U-Value, a house with a GRC wall has lower energy consumption than a house with metal wall cladding because GRC has a lower U-Value.
Abstract Bekasi city is one of the largest Jakarta’s satellite cities that is experiencing population growth very quickly, especially in Bantargebang district. Bantargebang has the most population growth rate and is considered as slums as the Landfill Disposal located there. Bekasi is geographically located in the lowlands and experiences a massive growth in industrial and residential activities throughout the year, causing an increase in the temperature of the microclimate in which makes people feel thermally uncomfortable living there. This paper describes the design process of Low-Cost-Apartment (Rusunawa) with Tropical Architecture approach to answer the problem of thermal comfort. This research was conducted by analyzing the impact of application of Tropical Architecture such as building orientation, building configurations, building coverage, vegetations, openings, and materials to create a more comfortable place for living. The design process of these indicators is based on building simulations such as SunHour, CFD (Computational Fluid Design), and RayMan Tools to obtain the ideal design. This paper presents the usage of sunshading on the top 2 floors of each tower, specifically at the north side, and the building configuration with various level of height on each towers to help maximize the air flow within the site in order to reach thermal comfort. From simulations with these three tools, it can be concluded that the thermal comfort can be reached with the application of Tropical Architecture.
Abstract Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) plans Science and Techno Park to improve UPI’s ranking in the Green Campus Ranking in the world. Currently, UPI is ranked 44th in Indonesia, or equivalent to 100 in Asia (1000 in the world). So, to improve UPI’s ranking, an area is needed to develop research in the Green Campus field. The developed Science and Techno Park have a research focus in the fields of infrastructure, energy, waste, water, and transportation management. UPI Science and Techno Park use the High Technology Architecture Theme. So, Science and Techno Park can support the UPI area to become Green Campus based on criteria issued by Green Metric UI. Science and Techno Park UPI facilitates research collaboration with outside companies for further research by researchers. Science and Techno Park can facilitate commercialized, produced, and marketed to the public.
Some social problems in urban areas are the implications of social capital weakening of urban community. The combination of good urban design and structuring and cultural essence of being urban is important to reinforce social capital. This article reveals the results of pilot study in first year, which focuses on the description of measurement result of urban objective quality and the level of social capital. The research was also conducted to examine the differences of each city’s variables by comparing three cities in Indonesia namely Surabaya, Bandung, and Surakarta. The results show that, firstly, Surabaya generally has a very high urban objective quality, while Bandung and Surakarta have no significant differences and are included in low to moderate category. Secondly, social capital level of the community members and the public space users generally are included in high category. However, it does not happen to ordinary residents. Thus, social capital reinforcement supposedly occurs due to the community involvement and the intensity of activity in public spaces.
Gedebage integrated vocational high school (SMK) is a school which accommodates the concept of technopolis. The school has four programs: building engineering, family welfare education (PKK/food service), mechanical engineering, and tourism - which produce skilled and ready-to-work graduates. This article aims to recommend the sun exposure toward the building of the school, which is related to site planning and design strategies based on the duration of solar radiation on vegetation, and building facades as well as the distance between buildings through the use of Chronolux plug-in on Sketch-up Software. From the measurement, it is found that vegetation can reduce sky view factors (SVF) from 76.4 to 38.87%. For the building façade, it is able to reduce sun exposure from 4 hours 51 minutes to 3 hours 19 minutes with SVF from 47.26 to 38.11%. Meanwhile, the building distance of 9 m receives sun exposure from 9:00 am to 3.42 pm.
Exposing oneself to outdoor daylight in the morning can be healthy and harmful at the same time, due to the risk of ultraviolet exposure. The presence of surrounding buildings in the urban context may also influence the risk. This study aims to identify the impact of courtyard and street canyon surroundings of various size and heights on the peak time and values of global illuminances and ultraviolet index (UVI), for the case of a tropical city. The impact of the surroundings is estimated by performing annual daylighting simulation with Daysim, considering various receiving plane orientations, followed with sensitivity analysis. The results suggest that in the courtyard scenes, on 21 March, 21 June, and 22 December, the maximum horizontal UVI are respectively 9 at 12.00 hrs, 9 at 10.00 hrs, and 5 at 11.00 hrs, while the corresponding, maximum vertical UVI are 6, facing east at 09.00 hrs; 8, northeast at 10.00 hrs; and 3, southeast at 08.00 hrs. In the street canyon scenes, the 5m wide street is more sensitive to height variation, compared to the 10-m wide. The maximum horizontal UVI on the three days are 10, 9, and 5; while the corresponding, maximum vertical UVI are 6, east; 9, northeast; and 4, southeast; all with the same peak time as in the courtyard scenes. Sensitivity analysis results from the three days are found to be more reliable than those from the entire year. The study thus has the main contribution in providing the methodology in estimating UVI under various outdoor scenarios with surrounding buildings, particularly in the tropical region.
High density of population and vertical buildings seems to be the only aspect fit to the concept for city in the developing country. The vertical housings then become a matter of necessity in high density area, in which the building groups themselves significantly contribute to microclimate at urban scales. This study is going to give descriptions of outdoor thermal comfort of public housing in Bandung by means its correlation between urban forms and mean radiant temperature. A number of simulations have used ENVI-met to reveal a better urban form which addresses the role of urban physics in the study of outdoor thermal comfort in a hot humid climate area.
Along with the rise of awareness in implementing environmentally-conscious urban design, the classical process in approaching urban environmental analysis should be shifted to performance-based considerations. In architecture and urban design, the tools developed recently hold promise to assist the decision-making process in the early phase of designing. Thus, the further performance of the intended architecture project, particularly related to energy consumption and its environmental impact, can be nearly accurately predicted. Although many studies contain the computer design process for analyzing urban energy performance, the Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) process in the sub-tropical climate of Japan has not been widely used. This research investigates hypothetically the surface and site radiation in the early phase of designing a two-level wooden house in Orio District, Kitakyushu, Japan, through parametric and generative algorithms. The research was designed to map the best possible design solution of free-form loft-twisted structures through iterating design variables related to design elements such as building orientation, base radius, twisting and scaling factor, and the angle of the roof slope. The optimization targets the minimum quantity of solar radiation both for the site and the building surface affected by the geometry. The simulation uses an EPW file of Shimonoseki as the input weather file and is scheduled for fitting the period in the extreme hot week during the summertime. The findings are successful to produce a design with better performance compared to the benchmark model even though with insignificant improvement.
Volker Park, an abandoned park located in North Jakarta which potentially develop as green open space in urban area. The green open areas of DKI Jakarta itself currently only 9.98% of the total area, which is planned to be extended into 30%. This expansion in accordance with UU No.26 of 2007 that Municipal government have to provide green open space to improve the quality of the environment and as a means of environmental protection. It is also creating harmony of the natural environment and the built environment that is useful for the benefit of society. The planning and design concept then needed to implement this vision. This paper brings the idea of urban harvesting and farming theme park to encourage the collaboration within the community. The area then divided into six stages, which are 1870 m2 for the first phase, followed by 3094 m2 in second phase, then 3094 m2 in the third phase, the 2808 m2 in the fourth phase, the 700 m2 in the fifth phase and finally the sixth phase is 752 m2.
Abstract Building energy use contributes up to 40% of total global energy use and increases by 8-10% every five years, encouraging the development of technology-based renewable energy sources. Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) is a potentially relevant application of integrated PV in buildings which, it provides electricity cost savings, and increases the architectural attractiveness of a building. In contrast to conventional PV installations on building roofs, vertical PV installations are significantly influenced by the building orientation and the transparency of the PV. Study and analysis were conducted to implement BIPV windows in tropical climates using experimental measurement methods in energy output and indoor daylighting in four cardinal directions. This research was done by modelling a simple 2 × 2 × 1 m 3 room with a PV solar window glazing made of Monocrystalline silicon 105Wp, placed on the roof of CADL Building, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, for four days. The measurement results indicate that South is the most recommended orientation for installing BIPV windows for tropical areas in Bandung with the performance indicators for energy output = 564 Wh, DA 300 = 100%, UDI 250-750 = 93%, UDI 100-3000 = 100%, and UDI >3000 = 0%. In contrast, West and East orientations are not recommended because of the significant difference in energy output and illuminance in the morning and the afternoon.
Aside from being a place for congregational prayers, the West Java Pusdai Mosque is also a center for preaching and other Islamic activities in West Java. Therefore, as a place of worship for Muslims, this mosque needs to maintain a comfortable atmosphere. The comfort or solemnity of worship can be affected by the noise of the surrounding environment or the acoustics of the room. This study aims to analyze the acoustic quality of the prayer room in the Pusdai Mosque, which is influenced by several factors. This research was conducted by observing and simulating, using the Ecotect v5.50 software. A simulation was carried out with the creation of a 3D model and the addition of both the absorption coefficient of the material in the room and speakers to it. In addition, research was also strengthened by conducting literature studies on scientific articles. The simulation was carried out to determine the reverberation time and sound distribution produced by the sound sources or speakers that could indicate the acoustic quality of the Pusdai Mosque. The acoustic quality of the Pusdai Mosque is greatly influenced by the interior materials and the shape of the ceiling. Based on the results of this analysis, the Pusdai Mosque has room acoustic defects. This is due to the large use of sound-reflecting materials and the form of the ceiling, which is quite complex. This causes a lot of sound reflection to occur, causing the reverberation time to exceed the optimum limit of a 500 Hz frequency (conversational space). This causes the speaker’s voice to become an echo or hum. Therefore, the Pusdai Mosque needs to improve its room acoustics in order to create comfort and solemnity in worship. Improvement can be made by adding sound-absorbing material.
This study aims to determine the effect of materials used in building envelopes on energy use in office buildings. To obtain energy use analysis data, ASHRAE 90.1 - 2013 based parameters are used in the Sefaira Building Simulation application. The building analyzed will be simulated, using variables such as sunlight conduction with roofs, walls, building window ratios, gap ratios in buildings, and use of electrical equipment per square meter. Based on the analysis carried out, the use of building energy by using standard material specifications from the application reaches 180 kWh / m2 / yr from what is supposed to be 79 kWh / m2 / yr. After being analyzed, a specification change is given to the liquid application so that the results of the analysis are 89 kWh / m2 / yr. So that the energy that can be reduced reaches 91 kWh / m2 / yr. This proves that the selection of building material specifications can affect energy use in rental office buildings.
Abstract Performance Based Design (PBD) makes the design process easier to achieve optimal energy efficiency in office towers. Building performance is impacted by various factors, including decisions related to the shape of the building, its orientation, the building envelope, and the building façade. This study aims to determine the building energy consumption by applying the office building's secondary skin during the hottest season in the hot and climate region. A design solution was obtained by utilizing Sefaira with ASHRAE 90.1 – 2013-based parameters for the building performance analysis application. Building in the hot and humid climate region requires energy for cooling due to the long solar durations. The building facade then is the main architectural element that needs to design properly. Facade design, including the building height, orientation, shadowing, and wall window ratio, define the use of electric devices per square meter. The results showed the building's energy use before the special treatment was 126 kWh/m2/yr from the supposed 79 kWh/m2/yr. The design process that responds to the climate will then influence the building form and massing. It is the initial step for building envelope before requiring mechanical assistance to achieve thermal comfort. The design experiment later takes a 3-m-long balcony for all facades, reduce envelope area with compact form have proven to reduce the building energy use. Those experiments later found able to reduce energy use to 57 kWh/m2/yr or 69 kWh/m2/yr obtained.
A study on the implementation of eco-campus in terms of vegetation suitability in green open spaces at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) had been conducted. The purposes of the study were to analyze the actual condition the vegetation in green open spaces at UPI and to analyze the suitable vegetation to be implemented in green open spaces at UPI to support eco-campus. The study employed a descriptive design using cross section approach which studies a certain object in a certain period of time. To distribute the plants, this study used block unit mapping with the help GPA and a program namely ArcGIS. The results of the study show that most (43.51%) of the existing plants at UPI were herbs; 32.82% of them were trees, 18.32% were shrubs, and 2.29% were bushes. In the meantime, in terms of the plants’ function, most of the vegetation at UPI were decorative plants (34.35%), followed by medicinal plants (15.27%) and crops (14.5%). In addition to the aforementioned categories, there were 131 species of vegetation around UPI which mostly lied in the east side of the campus particularly around Isola building. Some of them were Filicium decipiens, Pinus merkusii, Barringtonia asiatica, Artocarpus altilis, Terminalia catappa, Agathis dammara, Lagerstoemia flos-reginae, Tabebuia capitata, Cassuarina equisettifolia, Mangifera indica, Delonix regi), Bougainvillea spectabillis, Muntingia callabura, and so on. Some were also plants that could only found in certain places such as Elaeocarpus grandiflorus, Mimusops elengi, Altingia exelsa, Elaeocarpus sphaericus, Pterocarpus indicus, Samanea saman, Claoxylon polot, Tectona grandis, Flacourtia inermis, Garcinia mangostana, Ponentia pinnata, Sandoricum koetjape, Brunfelsia uniflora, and Alstonia sholaris. Based on the results of the study, it was also proven that the distribution of the vegetation at UPI was uneven; it focused on certain areas such as gardens and main roads.
An affordable vertical house, which is known as rusun in Indonesian term becomes the utopia of a compact city. The rusun to be the main actor contributing to the creation of liveable comfort in dense areas by relocating squatters and slum inhabitants to better living places. Technical guidelines and building standards play a major role in a building's environmental impact. These standards will be reviewed based on their impact on building performance. There are two prototypes of rusun referenced in 05/PRT/M/2007, and the assessment of these prototypes has been done by using ENVi-met. The meteorological data for the ENVI-met configuration input is adapted to the same weather and climate conditions taken from the data measured on June 13th, 2012. The analysis of this assessment will focus on building orientation, building length, building height, and also the microclimate which is impacted by these prototypes. Based on the assessment, it is recommended that the layout of outdoor space on the north side should provide as much green coverage as possible, either for shadowing or for the benefit of its albedo. The simulation shows that building ratio of 1:3 produces higher wind speed, which also controls air temperature and humidity.
Urban village (kampong) becomes the city morphology phenomenon, its growth is organic and has no land use planning adequate. The tendency of increasing local temperatures in various metropolitan cities with high density has led to urban heat island. This article is a comprehensive study aimed at describes micro-climate aspects of the urban built environment. Detailed discussion on aspects morphology of the urban village will describe its implications for the formation of the microclimate that affects residential quality. Nine locations of kampong in Bandung with was then taken into samples, namely: Sukajadi, Tamansari, Sukapada, Cigondewah Kidul, Cigondewah Rahayu, Cicendo, Babakan Ciamis, and Cihaurgeulis. Detailed and specific discussion on aspects of mass and building shape, distance between buildings, height of buildings and availability green open space provides particular information of the influence of physical aspects of morphology on the microclimate, especially the most important to the average radiation temperature (Tmrt), others, such as air temperature (Ta), humidity (RH), and wind speed (v). The quality of the living environment as indicated by the PET index (Physiologically Equivalent Temperature). The final result shows Cigondewah Rahayu with 31.2∘C; 50.6%; 0,33m/s obtained PET = 35.9∘C with hot sensation. Based on the field measurement also find out that most of the nine kampongs are offering “warm” sensation living area, none of them have the “neutral,” “cool” or even “slightly cool” sensation.
The use of Fourier components analysis has been recently proposed by Lynes to describe harmonics in vertical illuminance at various azimuth angles around a reference point. In cases with multiple light sources, it has been argued that the removal of even harmonics in the resulting Fourier components may correspond with good lighting practice. This paper therefore aims to demonstrate optimisation methods to mitigate even harmonics in Fourier components of vertical illuminance around a reference point due to two and three point light sources, by adjusting maximum vertical illuminance and subtended angles between the sources using sensitivity analysis and genetic algorithms. The results suggest that the genetic algorithm method yields more precise optimum solutions compared with the sensitivity analysis method, particularly for scenes with three point sources. For two point sources, the smallest root mean square value of even harmonics is achieved when the vertical illuminance due to the second source is 0.92 (relative to the vertical illuminance due to the first source) and the subtended angle is 90°. For three point sources, the optimum vertical illuminance due to the second and third sources is respectively 0.81 and 0.78, whereas the optimum subtended angles for the second and third sources with respect to the first are 64.4° and 116.8°, respectively.
Abstract Smart Water Grid system has been widely applied to the Master Plan water distribution system in developed countries, such as Japan, and Singapore. However, this system has not been widely applied to the Master Plan designs in Indonesia. This system has advantages in a more controlled distribution system to minimize the risk of damage to the water distribution system. Specifically, this system is capable of meeting water needs in multi-, because it uses various water sources in its application. The purpose of this article in general: to provide a precedent for review on the application of Smart Water Grid in the form of study precedents from Japan and Singapore; Explaining Smart Water Grid and its components that are applied, reviewing monitoring methods, discussing the advantages, and disadvantages. In the end, this precedent study will be a recommendation for water treatment planning applications in the design of the Gedebage Sports Centre. Smart Water Grid design parameters such as (1) Able to fulfil the water needs in the multi-source (2) Able to prevent further damage of distribution system (3) facilitate maintenance of the water distribution system. Then, it can overcome to meet water needs by using a green technology system. Scope of this research is implementing the system of Smart Water Grid in Master Plan area as a smaller area than city’s area.
Abstract Thermal comfort is a comfort that relates to the room’s temperature conditions such as heat and cold which is manifested from the sensor on the skin and conveyed to the brain. So, the body can adjust the temperature to the surrounding environment. According to the American Standard of ASHRAE 55 of 2009, The purpose of this study is to analyze the suitability of the thermal comfort standard at the At-Taqwa Mosque of the GegerKalong KPAD. The research is conducted by measuring the thermal comfort at the At-Taqwa Mosque. It uses an anemometer measurement tool. The aspects of thermal comfort measured are wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity. The measurement results show that the thermal comfort at the At-Taqwa Mosque is still below the standard. The results of this measurement are simulated on three digital software which are named Sunhour, Flowdesign, and CBE Thermal Comfort. The results of the simulations on these three software show the thermal comfort at the At-Taqwa Mosque doesn’t approve to standard of ASHRAE 55 of 2009 because the highest temperature is on the western exterior area with 33.5 C and the lowest is on the eastern interior area with 23.6 C.
The greenery-view factor has been recently proposed as a new, simple measure to assess the possibility of having visual access to view the outdoor greenery in a daylit building space, based on the constructed lines of sight. However, detailed expressions to compute the factor is yet to be provided, and correlations with the input variables are yet to be determined. This study aims to address those issues, by combining the ‘no-greenery line’ with the ‘no-sky line’ to create the greenery-sky-view factor (GSVF), which is the fraction of the floor area, at the eye-level height, from which the greenery and the sky are visible. Mathematical expressions to compute the GSVF are described for various scenarios involving the window-to-wall ratio, the elevation of the greenery, and the distance between the window and the greenery. Computations of 10,000 random combinations are performed to find the optimum input variables leading to the largest GSVF and to determine correlations between the input and output. Recommendations for design practice are provided based on the computation results.
The Church is a place of worship for Christians; to ensure the smooth and solemn implementation of worship activities, many factors that affect their overall effectiveness must be considered, and one of the conditions that must be met in the worship room is audial comfort. Certain churches are situated in noisy surroundings, which may impact the comfort and auditory experience of worshippers during prayer. This research examines the issue of audial comfort in a church positioned at the periphery of a cross-town road. The main goal of this research was to determine the audial quality deemed comfortable in the Java Christian Church in Bandung from the noise impact caused by high vehicle traffic. The prominent noise that arises from the highway is mostly caused by motorized vehicles. The methodology employed in this study involves a case study approach using quantitative descriptive analysis to evaluate the audial quality of the church. This study uses the Decibel X Sound Meter application to collect data through field measurements. The measured data were analyzed using NoiseTools and IBANA-Calc software was used to analyze the level of noise around the outer church buildings, which are directly adjacent to the main road. The standards used as research references are based on the Decree of the State Minister for the Environment, Number KEP-48/MENLH/11/1996, concerning environmental noise, and the US Department of Housing and Urban Development guidelines regarding spatial noise. Based on the observations made in this research, the noise level within the premises of the Java Christian Church in Bandung is fairly good, so the only addition needed is a barrier that can reduce environmental noise in the Java Christian Church in Bandung.
The B building sector contributes to 40% of the carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Several studies show that high-performance MAN (Madrasah Aliyah Negeri) buildings contribute to reducing carbon emissions. This study discusses the evaluation of natural lighting in educational buildings, namely the MAN (Madrasah Aliyah Negeri) Cimahi building. This research was conducted using direct survey methods via measuring and simulating the natural lighting using Sefaira. The simulation results show that natural lighting in the building does not meet lumination standards. This article concludes that the addition of a roof overhang, windowed areas, façade elements, and shading strategies are all factors that can affect natural lighting in the MAN (Madrasah Aliyah Negeri) Cimahi building.
Natural daylighting comes from sunlight that is reflected from outside into the building and plays an important role for the building. One of the buildings that must have good natural lighting is the Church. Natural lighting is needed to support religious activities in the Church from a functional and architectural point of view by giving a certain meaning or aesthetic value. Based on the applicable standards, the church as a place of worship has a minimum requirement of 200 lux lighting (SNI) 03-6197-2000. This study aims to determine the suitability level of natural lighting in the church with applicable standards. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with data acquisition through direct observation and simulated using DIALux Evo 10.1 software. Simulation results data in the form of lux calculations and lighting distribution. Based on the simulation results, it was found that natural lighting at GPIB Bethel Bandung did not meet the applicable standards for two effective times. Therefore, a response is needed to overcome this by increasing the number and width of window openings.
Bandung is the capital city of West Java province in Indonesia. The city is located on 768 meters (2,520 feet) above sea level and lies on a river basin surrounded by volcanic mountains. The annual rainfall is considered as high level. The most rain happen on January with total precipitation is 973.0 millimetres, while the less rain happen on August with total precipitation is 70.0 millimetres. In addition, La Nina phenomenon occurs lately to trigger high rainfall level in Bandung city. Based on Meteoblue Bandung City, the average of precipitation in Bandung is 2164mm / year. The potential of this large rainfall later can be utilized as water reserves, in urban settlements with high population density. In line with the Mayor of Bandung city Regulation (Perwal Bandung) no. 1023 year2016 about the Green Building mentioned that any building with area more than 5,000 m2 requires to preserve balance of environment, including concerning social, cultural and ecosystem. Later, this paper aims to explore the sustainable development concept of rainwater harvesting for a public flat in Taman Sari, Bandung. The need for clean water for the residents is as much as 102,200,000 litters/year for 2800 occupants. The design of Tamansari Village public flat then able to accommodate 23,700,993.6 litters/year, which means 23% of the total needs of clean water.
Terdapat hubungan yang sangat erat antara iklim makro kawasan dan konfigurasi fisik serta poly bentuk urban desain, yaitu urban desain dengan pertimbangan iklim setempat yang memperhatikan keseluruhan konfigurasi kota yang mendetail seperti lebar jalan, bentuk, konfigurasi dan orientasi, ketinggian bangunan, kepadatan dan persebaran kota, ruang terbuka kota, yang semuanya berkaitan dengan permasalahan fisik. Kenyamanan ruang trbuka kota banyak di_pengaruhi oleh faktor-faktdr lingkungan termasuk maturi. Distribusi dan ti.7.gkJFIt cahavz mern,7?rnY4<-rne: ruang luar, yano juga berpenaaruh pada public ozf'i. Di mane ketinggian bangunan dapat. mengurangi penyinaran cbhaya matahari tidak hanya di dalam bangunan karena bangunan yang bersebelahan, tetapi juga pada jalan dan ruang terbuka. Pada daerah iklim tropic lembab, tujgan perancangan secara umum adalah memaksimumkan keteduhan dan angin, sehingga penataan bangunan dan bentukan arsitektur di lahan setempat mensyaratkan adanya perlindungan terhadap sinar matahari akibat tingginya intensitas sinar matahari yang dapat dilakukan dengan pembayangan. Namun perlu juga untuk diperhatikan bahwa tidak boleh ada bidang yang tertutup bayangan terus menerus sepanjang tahun. Kelembaban yang tinggi pada iklim tropic lembab akan menyebabkan bidang yang tertutup terus menerus tertutup bayangan sepanjang tahun menjadi lembab dan bahkan akan merusak bahan/material bahan tersebut. Melaiui penciptaan bungkus matahari yang menggabungkan antara rasio visual pengamat dengan pengoptimalan pencahayaan alami dihasilkan building envelope yang merupakan pengolahan dari bungkus matahari berdasarkan nilai azimuth dan altitude pada waktu-waktu tertentu yang didapat dari Sudut Bayangan Vertikal masing-masing untuk sudut pandang pengamat terhadap obyek 18°, 30° dan 45°. Building envelope inilah yang dibarapkan mampu merespon iklim tropis lembab, sehingga. dihasilkan •panduan untuk perencanaan. dan perancangan kota khususnya bentuk dan tata bangunan yang nyaman dan manusiawi. There is strong correlation between urban climate and the urban design physical configuration and form pattern. Urban design with climatic considerations deals with the wholistic morphology of the city, as well as with the urban details such as street width, form,, configuration and orientation, building .;.eight.:., cjty c:ompactness or dispersion, urban open space, integration or segregation of land use. Wh,2 prohlem. In the hot humid (tropical) climate, the destination of global design are shadowing and maximize the wind, with the result that building form and massing require sun protective because daylighting intensity is so high. Shadowing.is one of the way to protect the direct sun, but it have to considered, there are no surface which closed all the time because the high of the humidity can destroy the material. Creating solar envelope which combine between visual ratio and optimize daylighting result building envelope. This building envelope processing from solar envelope with azimuth and altitude on the ekstrim time, which the value came from vertical angle light obstruction analog the visual ration each 18°, 30° and 45° This bunding envelope hopefully responsive with tropical (hot humid) climate, with that result urban design guideline, specially for building form and massing which comfort and humane.
Japan faces many social and environmental problems especially population aging, social communication degradation and decreasing of agricultural land. Kitakyushu city is one big city in Japan, which the old people take 30% in population, while younger people are moving to the big cities for working and other desires. it is common that Japanese people is less and less communicate with other people and tend to curl up in their personal space due to the modern stressful life. Besides, a big ratio of Japanese farmers recently did not do the farm work anymore, leading to a considerable abandoned agricultural land. So, there should be done to improve the lives of older people, heal social communication, or revive the barren land. The designing site is placed in Hibikino area, Kitakyushu city, Japan, a farmland area operated by Japan Agriculture Association where citizens can hire some slots to plant vegetables themselves. However, this placed does work effectively when only a few people come to hire the land. This research method is a descriptive study aimed to obtain qualitative data. The purpose of this study was to create a design idea the agricultural community space where parents can work and communicate with children, customers, and strangers with three targets of sustainable environmental, social, and economic. And then, this system not only helps to create the green lifestyle for inhabitant but also improves social communication, reducing CO2 emission with it sustainable working process.
The city is a living entity, especially about any urban form; however, the quality of the city would refer to physical qualities. Urban design and spatial planning of the city are good on one hand, and the cultural essence fortified on the other hand. It is important to encourage the strengthening of social capital. Indeed, it is about quality of the city to accommodate quality of life of its citizens. The structure of the physical environment within the city is formed by structural elements (artificial) which cover all elements such as buildings, and various other technical infrastructures connected differently from each other.This study was carried in Surabaya and Bandung metropolitan city and Surakarta city in Indonesia. This study aims to give a description of urban form quality of each city; the perception of citizens of their own city, then gives the reciprocal of capital, social value, the sense toward urban form and space, which shown in their daily activity.The results show that Bandung and Surakarta have urban form quality in the “low” level, meanwhile Surabaya has the “high” level. Surabaya with “high” level physical quality has correlation with “high” level of their citizen perception. But somehow, in Bandung and Surakarta this physical quality level has different level perception of their citizen as the image of the city. The perception of Bandung City Image by 43 social communities has mentioned that Bandung has “high” level. This perception also shown in 40 social communities in Surakarta, that its city image has “high” level.
Children who are going to be the next generation that will be the citizens in today’s cities and cities in the future are going to live in the majority of the villages that have transformed into very big cities in Indonesia. These cities, with all their complex problems, require their citizens to appreciate as well as interact nicely with them and their communities. Therefore, it is very significant to groom the new generation that knows the green cities’ social behavior. The aims of this research are as follows: First, to describe the level of comprehension of the awareness of cultural behavior as the necessary behavior required to reside in the cities to build the great communities; Second, to organize the typical guidance for the child education on cultural behavior to green cities. The methodology employed in this research is the descriptive quantitative design together with tendency test that compares the mean or average of the research result as well as the ideal mean. The study was carried out in Surabaya, Indonesia. The result of the study indicated that the understanding level of cultural behavior revealed a reasonably good standard for all the four categories and a good level for the entire research. Reasonably good level implies that the understanding level is fair and needs to be improved to make it conform to the Surabaya development shortly. Thus, it is essential to develop guidance for children for cultural behavior education toward creating green cities.
Greater Bandung is the third largest metropolitan city in Indonesia. The population growth of Bandung, recorded as 0.37 p.a, makes a significant contribution to the physical development of the city (BPS Bandung City, 2016). Nevertheless, a non-int
Villa Isola is one of the heritage buildings with art deco relic of the Dutch East Indies, now became the rectorate of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI). The building was built in October 1932 – March 1933 and changes its function into office in 1954. The changes of the spatial structure from 4 floors into five floors to meet the needs of space, it also changed the interior with a segmented room. Measurement of the globe temperature (Tg); air temperature (Ta) and the surface temperature (Ts) were performed at a point indoor and outdoor with a 15 minutes interval. The phenomenon of heat temperature difference (∆Ts) at 0.50°C indoor, meanwhile the outdoor ∆Ts = 2.2°C. This paper then, will give a description of Villa Isola, its temperature alteration both indoor and outdoor.
Bandung, the capital of West Java, is the province with the largest population in Indonesia.Urban development is then interrelated with the number, structure, dynamics of the population, also the size of the area. The pattern of population distribution is an important point for the government in determining a City's Spatial Plan. Thus, this study aims to build a mapping system for population distribution and prediction in Bandung City, Indonesia. It will be very beneficial for the government, especially in making decisions for planning an area. The system implemented using the Google Maps platform APIs and the method of calculating Geometric models and processed data is data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics of the city of Bandung in the form of a sub-district catalogue in the reprocessed numbers. The results of the data processing are visualized into the Geographic Information System Web with information features in the form of population mapping, density, and prediction of the future population for each sub-district in the city of Bandung. Based on the results of testing the implementation of the Geometry model with the Black box method, the system's functionality has shown the appropriate results.
Abstract This research is about the importance of user comfort in Leuwipanjang terminal, especially pedestrians, while in it. Leuwipanjang Terminal is a type A bus terminal in Bandung which will be one of the 14 proposed Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) planning points. The terminal controls the movement of traffic, namely pedestrian and vehicle traffic. Integrated Terminal Planning at Leuwipanjang Bus Terminal will accommodate many types of transportation modes so that there is an overlapping circulation when switching between modes. While passengers who have just arrived at the terminal usually feel confused to find a destination. The Leuwipanjang terminal does not currently provide clarity on circulation and does not give a pedestrian way. So Leuwipanjang terminal is needed to redesign, pedestrian-friendly terminal by providing safe and comfortable direct access to all the characteristics of users at the terminal.
Abstract Poris-Plawad Terminal and Batu Ceper Station are transit nodes located at Toris Poris Plawad, Tangerang City. There are several criteria to become a transit point for the TOD area listed in the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning / Head of the Republic of Indonesia’s National Defense Agency No. 16 of 2017; PM. 47 of 2014; PM. 40 of 2015; and ITDP (Institute of Transportation Development Policy), which is one of the criteria is integration. Based on the existing criteria, Poris Plawad Terminal and Batu Ceper Station have not met the current criteria, among others; lack of integration between the terminal and station and integration with the surrounding area; It is difficult for pedestrians and cyclists to move around in the transit node. Circulation mixed with vehicles; and also, the lack of facilities at terminals and stations. This study discusses recommendations in terms of the architectural design of a transit node that can meet the criteria that have not been met in the TOD Poris Plawad area. The method used is to conduct studies such as regional studies, activity studies, and circulation studies. This study will be analyzed and processed to produce a design concept recommendation for a Poris Plawad mix-use building that meets the TOD criteria and government regulations.
This data set provide an experiment of building form of LSF micro-house between I (1) shape and L (2) shape with WWR (wall window ratio) and different orientation. Building form and massing exploration using generative algorithms without programming or scripting requirements, since its graphical algorithms editor integrated with Rhino’s 3-D modeling tools. Meanwhile, by adding Ladybug and Honeybee plug-ins for Grasshopper® it can help the assessment of an environmentally architectural design. Those data imported by Ladybug and analyzed through Grasshopper, later it can generate the weather diagram/metric for climate analysis such as sun-path, wind-rose, radiation rose, and shadow pattern. The next step, Ladybug will interpret the thermal comfort perception by adding the input of clothing insulation and metabolic rate data. This plug-ins uses PMV index to calculate the indoor thermal comfort and shown by color degradation of red which means hot and blue which means cold. In this experiment, the clo = 0.6 (casual summer) and the met = seating (typically activity at home)
This study describes the software functions of Chronolux Sketch Up plug in. This software aims to simulate insolation at some point. Insolation areas and sky view factor (SVF) which is integrated as where the initial phase of a design process at an analysis site. Chronolux is proven as the simple tool to help a designer to know the grade of insolation, which then decided the vegetation spot based on the level insolation. Based on this experiment, it is known that north part area is an area with maximum insolation within 10 hours, and west part area is an area with the minimum insolation within 7 hours. From the SVF calculation, it is found that the north part with 77.28% later can reduce the SVF until 42.69% by optimize the placement and determine the characteristic of vegetation. After the placement of vegetation, the solar insolation then is able to reduce from the average 6h5m into 4h35m . The vegetation then is proven as an important aspect to reduce the insolation.
Abstract Thermal comfort is a major factor for a building’s design, and is associated to room temperature conditions. Thermal comfort depends on climatic variables and several individual / subjective factors such as clothing, acclimatization, age, gender, level of health, and others. Measurements of thermal comfort made via Meteoblue and SunHour software at the Rifain Digital Printing location provide data including temperature, humidity, sun exposure and wind speed. The data is then synthesized using CBE Thermal Comfort, a software that detects conformity to thermal comfort standards in a room. The results of measurement and data synthesis indicated that the building requires a cooling temperature of 5.2 ° C. From these results, it can be said that the thermal comfort of Rifain Digital Printing is not optimal. Improvements are needed to the existing thermal conditions. One of the efforts to optimize thermal comfort is the use of vegetation and water (Talarosha, 2005). Based on synthesis result obtained through research and data processing through literature studies, we came up with a solution, namely a vertical garden with a water wall system design as an effort to overcome the problem of thermal comfort in the Rifain Digital Printing building.
Hotel merupakan salah satu bangunan yang mendukung sektor pariwisata dan juga berhubungan dengan kegiatan meeting, convention, dan exhibition. Kota Bandung, dengan pertumbuhan kotanya yang cukup pesat membuat permintaan terhadap kamar hotel dan fasilitas pendukungnya bertambah. Hal ini disebabkan karena meningkatnya aktivitas pariwisata dan kegiatan acara yang membutuhkan ruang yang besar. Perancangan Hotel Gedebage ini dibuat untuk memfasilitasi kegiatan pariwisata dan MICE. Fasilitas yang disediakan meliputi ballroom, meeting room, fitness facility, restaurant, hotel room unit, dan lain-lain. Hotel yang berlokasi di kawasan Gedebage ini cukup strategis mengingat jaraknya yang cukup dekat dengan kawasan CBD. Selain berdekatan, hubungan yang saling berkaitan dengan CBD membuat hotel ini semakin mendukung pengembangan daerah CBD tersebut. Hotel Gedebage ini dirancang dengan mempertimbangkan kenyamanan bagi penggunanya, khususnya aspek kenyamanan thermal. Selain itu, penggunaan energy yang dihabiskan oleh bangunan ini turut diperhitungkan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis optimalisasi penggunaan energy pada bangunan sehingga respons yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan iklim yang ada dan penggunaan energy dapat ditekan seminimal mungkin. Aplikasi Simulasi yang digunakan pada bangunan ini adalah sunhour plug in, autodesk flow design, rayman 1.2, dan sefaira. Setelah dilakukan simulasi, maka data yang dihasilkan akan digunakan pada bangunan hotel agar masalah konsep desain yang muncul dapat diatasi secara nyata.
This paper discusses the optimization of heat gain in vertical housing design for the middle-low economy, using rhino, grasshopper, and ladybug simulation. This study aims to explore a vertical housing design that minimizes heat gain, optimizes view, and increases wind speed. The methodology of this research is quantitative, through an experimental method, namely by making a geometry model according to field conditions in the math model (rhinoceros simulation), then simulating solar radiation gain (heat gain) through grasshopper & ladybug simulation. The research step: (1) to analyze microclimate and site context, (2) to make model design simulation-based on Kampong structure (horizontal housing), ( (4) to recommend geometric shapes for the most optimal vertical housing gain of solar radiation (heat gain). The results show that from the simulation of 3 models based on the kampong structure's geometry, the most optimal form is the shape that minimizes the orientation of East and West. Modular geometry is the L-shaped shape of the kampong structure module and each floor is laid out on each floor in the opposite direction, thus casting a shadow on each floor. The final form result also provides optimal views and increased wind speed that can dissipate heat.
Religion-based high schools encourage the practice of religion as a foundation in life, including in the design of these schools that need to pay attention to the surrounding environment. The use of the Greenship New Building Rating Tools in the design of the Santo Aloysius High School in Gedebage District is one way to pay attention to the environment in the design process with an ecological approach. In this journal, only the Appropriate Site Development category is used regarding the site aspect. In the Appropriate Site Development Category, there is 1 assessment prerequisite and 7 other assessments, namely Site Selection, Community Accessibility, Public Transportation, Bicycle, Site Landscaping, Micro Climate and Storm Water Management. The results obtained are 16 out of 17 maximum values obtained in the Appropriate Site Development category of Greenship New Building.
Indonesia is a tropical region. Based on weather data in Pecangaan, Jepara. it was observed that Jepara has a tropical climate with the overall environmental conditions being very hot. The average annual temperature is 32 Celcius with a humidity level of 95 percent. This greatly affects community activities, especially school learning activities. Therefore, certain approaches are needed in maintaining thermal comfort. The purpose of the overall design is to implement the principles of bioclimatic design in the design of a vocational high school area in Jepara, Central Java. The method used in this study is to perform design simulations based on parameters related to hot humid climate bioclimatic design. Parameters related to site climatic conditions are implemented to produce a design concept that is implemented into the building.
The function of a house can be achieved via residential comfort. Several studies have shown that natural lighting affects the comfort of a dwelling. Previous research discussed the typology of subsidized housing development in Kupang City and Kendal Regency. The result was the addition of space according to the needs. This article discusses the analysis of natural lighting in the original form of subsidized housing and after development in Kupang City and Kendal Regency through simulations using Dialux. The simulation results show that natural lighting in the house cases does not qualify SNI 03-6197-2000 both in the original plan and the after-development plan.
Rumah merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia yang wajib terpenuhi, namun, kondisi pada masyarakat yang kurang mampu membuat mereka tidak mendapatkan akses rumah yang layak. Salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang masih menghadapi masalah ketersediaan rumah yang layak adalah Aceh yang angka kemiskinannya masih relatif tinggi dibandingkan dengan provinsi yang lain. Kondisi perubahan iklim yang membuat suhu yang terus meningkat membuat hunian juga terdampak langsung sehingga hunian yang memiliki kenyamanan termal yang baik juga menjadi tantangan tersendiri. Kegiatan ini memperkenalkan teknologi rumah reflektif surya sebagai salah satu solusi untuk menyediakan rumah yang layak huni dan nyaman secara termal di Aceh yang diinisiasi di Kota Lhokseumawe dan Aceh Timur. Pada tahap inisiasi, beberapa metode pendekatan dilakukan untuk mencari calon penerima manfaat (CPM) dan dapat menjamin kegiatan memitigasi risiko-risiko pada tahap pembangunan ke depannya. Pendekatan langsung ke CPM dan aparatur desa dilakukan lewat komunikasi yang intensif serta memastikan partisipasi CPM dapat terlaksana dengan baik. Hal ini penting karena konsep pembangunan rumah Raflesia dilakukan dengan metode gotong royong antara akademisi dan masyarakat. Dari kegiatan awal, ditemukan 11 (sebelas) CPM, di Kota Lhokseumawe dan Kabupaten Aceh Timur, yang telah bersedia menerima bantuan rumah reflektif surya dan berkomitmen untuk menyelesaikan pada pembangunan rumah pada tahun 2025. Diharapkan kegiatan awal ini dapat mengurangi potensi kegagalan dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan nantinya.
This study evaluates the implementation of Indonesia’s Thematic Geospatial Information (TGI) service policy under Ministerial Regulation ATR/BPN No. 1/2023 (Arts. 39–40). It diagnoses operational gaps—unclear management mechanisms, the absence of formal service-request procedures, overlapping unit mandates, and delivery limited to visualization on the Bhumi geoportal. The research pursues three aims: (i) assess TGI service quality and operability; (ii) map stakeholder roles and interrelationships; and (iii) formulate a territorial, region-based model to operationalize publication–interaction–collaboration. A mixed approach integrates SERVQUAL for validated service-quality evaluation, MACTOR for stakeholder analysis, and a policy path–gap analysis, verified through interviews and focus group discussions and complemented by benchmarking. Findings reveal six strategic regulatory issues, a convergence–divergence map of actor interests, and a reformulation model that sharpens procedures, clarifies mandates, and introduces regional typologies to manage service complexity. The study also proposes a non-tax state revenue (PNBP) financing option within a New Public Governance paradigm—co-creation, co-production, and co-delivery. The results imply stronger legal certainty, more effective cross-actor collaborative governance, and enhanced TGI service quality to support land affairs and spatial-planning decision-making.
Sustainable development is progressing yearly, and geospatial information is used to achieve it. Rapid progress has given rise to much confusion in geospatial information, especially regarding the certainty of existing geospatial data and information. Geospatial information in sustainable developmen
